英语语法通关指南:中考高考必考三大核心规则

师生联盟师生联盟 教学文献 2026-11-13 4 0

一、时态对比:一般过去时VS过去完成时

(1)规则解析:一般过去时用动词原形,过去完成时用"had+过去分词"。注意时间状语"when/after/before"后必须用过去完成时。

(2)正误对比:

正确:When I arrived, the train had left.

错误:When I arrived, the train left.

(3)得分技巧:①时间状语是关键 ②连续两个过去动作时优先用过去完成时

易错点:①混淆"had done"和"did"的时态层次 ②忘记"had"的助动词形式

二、非谓语动词:不定式VS动名词

(1)规则解析:不定式表目的(to do),动名词表兴趣(doing)。注意后接动词"consider"时不可用不定式。

(2)正误对比:

正确:He is considered doing the project.

错误:He is considered to do the project.

(3)得分技巧:①后接动词决定形式 ②"be considered"固定搭配

易错点:①混淆"consider doing"和"consider to do" ②忘记"consider"的特殊用法

三、定语从句:关系代词选择

(1)规则解析:that指物,who/whom指人,which/what泛指。注意"the first...that..."的特殊用法。

(2)正误对比:

正确:This is the book which I bought yesterday.

错误:This is the book that I bought yesterday.

(3)得分技巧:①人作主语用who ②物作主语用which ③"the first...that..."固定结构

易错点:①混淆"which"和"what"的用法 ②忘记"the first...that..."的限定词

四、高频易错点汇总

  1. 时态叠加错误:He had already left when you called(正确)VS He left when you called(错误)
  2. 非谓语混淆:She decided to learn(不定式)VS She decided learning(错误)
  3. 定语从句误用:The man who I met yesterday(错误)VS The man whom I met yesterday(正确)

五、中考高考真题示范

(2023北京中考阅读题)判断句子是否正确:

① When I was in high school, I had learned English for three years.

② The book which I read last month is very interesting.

③ She is considered to be a good student.

答案:①×(用一般过去时)②×(用who指人)③√(固定搭配)

六、备考冲刺建议

  1. 每天专项练习:时态(10题)、非谓语(5题)、从句(5题)
  2. 错题本整理:分类记录错误类型(时态混淆/代词误用等)
  3. 范文仿写:模仿高考优秀作文中的语法结构
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